Top 10 Most Common Medical Conditions in the World

The whole world is bounded by indefinite people and these people are bounded by numerous varieties of diseases. These diseases may lead to serious implications if prevention is not taken on time, they may lead to death too in rare cases. These diseases may occur due to the surrounding problems or it may occur because of lack of vaccination at proper time and it may also be due to sex. Thus, a list of common medical conditions faced by the people in the world are –

10. Common Cold

Common cold is a medical condition which is common to each and every entity. It is a viral infectious disease which mainly affects our respiratory systems. The signs and symptoms of this disease are sneezing, coughing, sore throat, fever, running nose, muscle ache, loss of appetite, fatigue. The time period of this disease seven to ten days and may extend up to three weeks also. This disease is transmitted by the means of aerosols, nasal secretions. The prevention methods of this disease are timely hand washing habit before any contact of your hands with your body especially during food ingestion.

9. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Sexually transmitted diseases are the medical condition which is caused due to lack of awareness of sex or incomplete knowledge of sex practicing and this disease is mainly found among the people of developing countries. STD is the infection which is caused person to person by sexual means. Sexual means may refer to some anal sex, or some oral sex or vaginal sex or it may be any vaginal intercourse. The various common sexually transmitted diseases are AIDS, gonorrhea, Hepatitis B infection, trichomoniasis and genital herpes. The prevention method includes avoid direct sexual contacts with an infected person. Proper use of condoms during sexual contact may prevent you from sexual infections. Flavored condoms must be used only in case of oral sex. Proper vaccination of Hepatitis must be taken as long term prevention. Used condom must not be used again.

8. Cholera

Cholera is a medical condition which is mainly found in Asian and African countries. The most common sign and symptoms of this disease are diarrhea, dehydration, low blood pressure, vomiting, wrinkled hands; eyes get sunken, pulse get fast. This disease is transmitted by the means of contaminated water and food. Cholera also spread directly from person to person. Various prevention methods must be taken in order to prevent this disease. Method such as sterilization, sewage, sources and water purification must be taken to prevent this disease. Proper vaccination must also be done to cure this disease. The treatment of this disease can be made by Oral Dehydration Therapy. Antibiotics may also be used as a short course treatment.

7. Meningitis

Meningitis is a life threatening inflammation of brain and spinal cord membranes. This disease also affects the blood circulation. This type of disease is a person to person spreading disease and appears when a particular person is in contact with some other infected person. It is mainly caused by an infection which is caused by some viruses like bacteria, fungi, protozoa. The most common sign and symptoms of this disease are severe headache, sudden high fever, neck stiffness, consciousness, vomiting. This disease may even lead to death if proper care is not taken. There are two types of prevention for this disease i.e. one is long term by the means of proper vaccination and other is short term prevention by the means of some antibiotics.

6. Yellow Fever

This disease mainly occurs in the region of South America and South Africa. Yellow fever is a viral disease which occurs mainly due to a female mosquito. The signs and symptoms of this disease are high fever, headache, Backaches, vomiting, nausea, loss of appetite. There is no specific treatment for this disease, so one can only reduce the symptoms caused by this disease for the ease of patients. Prevention for this disease is proper vaccination, mosquito control and removal nearby, epidemic preparedness and response. The time duration of this disease occurs for around four to eight days.

5. Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever is a medical condition which affects the blood circulation and the intestinal tract of the human body. It is caused by bacteria specifically known as Salmonella typhus. It is transmitted by ingestion of contaminated food and water. The symptoms of this disease are high fever, headache, and constipation, red spots on the chest, enlarged liver, and malaise. The treatment for this disease is antibiotics. Typhoid is not found in animals because it is a person to person transmission. Because Typhoid is an environmental problem hence one should take care of the environmental issues during food ingestion. The time period of this disease is more than three week and extends up to a month. Proper vaccination must also be taken into account for the prevention of this disease.

4. Hepatitis

Hepatitis is a medical condition which is mainly due to inflammation of liver, a viral infection. Hepatitis is generally of five types i.e. A, B, C, D, E out of which A and B are the most common which spreads from person to person through blood, semen. The signs and symptoms of this disease mainly due to Hepatitis A and B are fever, nausea, diarrhea, muscle and joint pain, headache, dark urine, yellowed eyes, swelling of liver and sometimes even led to liver failure. Hepatitis A is generally caused by contamination of food and water. Hepatitis A can be recovered within 2 weeks and may extend up to half a year also. The sexual contact is one of the most common ways for spread of Hepatitis B. Prevention taken for this disease are safe sex with a condom, non sharing razors and other personal stuffs. Proper vaccination must be done at early age for longer time in case of infants.

3. Diarrhea

Diarrhea is mainly caused due to the contamination of food, water and other digestive elements. This is the most common disease found mainly in infants and may even leads to death also. It is generally caused by gastrointestinal infection. This disease may even lead due to poor hygiene. The condition for this disease is the liquid stools occurring more than three times a day. The signs and symptoms of this disease are fluid loss which causes dehydration. The prevention for this disease is a rotavirus vaccine which decreases the rate of diarrhea to a large extent. The time consumed by this disease is around two to four days.

2. Tetanus

Tetanus is a medical condition which led to the contraction of the muscle fibers. It is mainly caused by bacteria known as Clostridium tetany. The “tetany” here means sudden painful contraction of muscles. The process of this disease starts with the neurotoxin which are produced by the bacteria in case of dirty wound contamination or with a deep cut by some old non sterile instrument. The sign and symptoms of this disease are mild spasms in jaw muscles. Contraction of almost every part like neck, chest, back occurs as the sign of this disease. Other signs are fever, sweating, irritation, uncontrolled urination. The time consumed by this disease is around eight days and may extend till months also. It mainly affects our central nervous system. This disease is also known as lock jaw. The prevention of this disease is proper vaccination with tetanus toxoid.

1. Malaria

This is one of the most common medical conditions which persist mainly in the region like Africa, South East Asia, South America. Malaria is a common mosquito infectious disease which is mainly caused by a parasite known as Plasmid. This disease begins with the bite of a female mosquito through the saliva into our circulation system. The signs and symptoms of this disease are extremely high fever, sweating, headache, vomiting, joint pain, sometimes body shivering also, retina damage, jaundice. Malaria must be prevented as soon as possible before it disrupts the blood transfer to the vital organs. Now to prevent malaria, the very first precaution is to prevent from the mosquito bite and the removal of mosquito from the surroundings either through some spraying / fertilization or by the means of mosquito net. Proper medication and prescription must be followed in case of malaria. The time consumed by this disease is around ten to fifteen days after the mosquito bite.

source: listdose